Proprietary Publications
T130 - "Design for Manufacturing & Assembly Across Three Industrial Revolutions [White Paper]"
DFMA 2024: 35th International Forum on Design for Manufacture and Assembly,
Providence, Rhode Island, USA
June 18, 2024 -- [25 Pages]
ISBN 978-1-937115-42-5
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Description
ABSTRACT
DFM and DFA practices started in the 2nd Industrial Revolution [IR] when people wanted improved household products and equipment that had remained plain and simple to make for centuries. People's desire for more aesthetically pleasing and functional designs spawned Industrial Design which then led to the DFM and DFA we know today. Frederick Taylor and Henry Ford laid down early markers.
The USA's late entry into WWII, and that immediate need for production velocity, exposed many shortcomings of initial methods. Post-WWII industrial competition then increased the emphasis on also minimizing the costs. Several pioneers will be showcased, and what each sought to achieve.
By the 60s and 70s, acquired knowledge started to become systematized. It was first implemented in reference tables and tools with "slide ruler thinking" - like the Westinghouse Calculator. In the 80s and 90s, computers and software enabled widespread corporate and then global use of DFM and DFA.
As the 3rd IR unfolded, the digital revolution, enablement moved from tools wielded by experts to tools of teams across geographies; and practices became integral to the design management process. Plus, the digital revolution added a whole new "category" to the body of knowledge as 3D printing and multi-material products have their own nuances.
With much still to be done, the 4th IR is already upon us. Sustainable designs, global designs, micro designs, 2D designs, biomaterials, bioplastics, and the integration of computer and internet technology into the fabric of products will certainly keep DFA and DFM healthy and moving forward.
PREFACE
Research reported in this paper is still ongoing. Findings indicate conflicting dates as to when certain research, works, and software were first published vs. republished; and who the authors and publishers of record were. Additionally, research contributions from Brazil, Japan, South Korea, China, and other geographies are incomplete and are not adequately represented in this paper. Research on contributions from the United States, United Kingdom, and Europe are relatively more complete.
Table of Contents for Technical Paper 130
| Section Titles: | |
| - | |
| Artisanship | 2 |
| 1st Industrial Revolution [1760-1850] | 3 |
| 2nd Industrial Revoution [1830-1920] | 4 |
| 3rd Industrial Revolution - Part I [1900-1950] | 6 |
| 3rd Industrial Revolution - Part II [1950-2010] | 9 |
| 4th Industrial Revolution [1990-2060] | 20 |
| Summary | 22 |
| Footnotes | 23-25 |
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